Published: 6 March 2020
Author(s): Spyros Peppas, Daniele Piovani, Laurent Peyrin-Biroulet, Silvio Danese, Stefanos Bonovas
Issue: March 2020
Section: Review Article

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) comprises immunologically mediated diseases characterized by a costly chronic course and frequent remissions and relapses [1]. Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two main forms of IBD [2,3]. Crohn's disease is characterized by transmural inflammation and lesions, chronic diarrhea and weight loss, a tendency to form intestinal fibrotic strictures and fistulas and several extraintestinal manifestations [2]. Ulcerative colitis presents with mucosal ulceration, rectal bleeding, diarrhea, abdominal cramps, urgency or tenesmus, and fever [3].

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