Fat over-storage in the liver, in particular non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), has become the most frequent chronic liver disease worldwide [1]. At a global level, steatotic liver disease has increased from 25.2 % in 1990–2006 to 38 % in 2016–2019 [2]. This rise is mainly driven by the ongoing epidemics of overweight, obesity, sedentary behavior, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome [3–6], and has led to a shift in terminology from NAFLD [7] to metabolic-dysfunction associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) [8], and to metabolic-dysfunction associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) [9].
