Published: 5 November 2022
Author(s): Yutao Guo, Giulio Francesco Romiti, Bernadette Corica, Marco Proietti, Niccolò Bonini, Hui Zhang, Gregory YH Lip, mAF-App II trial investigators
Issue: January 2023
Section: Original article

Heart Failure (HF) and Atrial Fibrillation (AF) are two of the most common cardiovascular diseases worldwide, both entailing an increased morbidity and mortality [1,2] Sharing common risk factors and a robust pathophysiological relationship, these two conditions commonly occur together [3], imposing a significant challenge to treating physicians, particularly in the management of antithrombotic treatment and rhythm and rate control strategy [4].

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