Heart failure (HF) affects 2.4 % of the American population and is expected to rise to 3 % by 2030 [1]. The prognosis of HF remains poor, with 5-year mortality above 50 % [2,3]. The fact that ACEIs or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs), selected beta-blockers, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRAs), and diuretics, improved the prognosis in HF patients with a reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF), did not exclude the possibility that these drugs had similar beneficial prognostic effects in patients with HF and a preserved EF (HFpEF).
