Hypertension, a prevailing global health concern, has long been recognized as a critical risk factor for cerebrovascular diseases [1–3] and cognitive impairment [4–6]. It is characterized by persistently elevated blood pressure levels, with systolic and diastolic components representing essential indicators of cardiovascular health. While the detrimental impact of hypertension on various organ systems, particularly the cardiovascular system, is well-established, its specific effects on the brain's structural integrity, particularly the cortical regions, have drawn increasing attention in recent years.
