Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) is a major healthcare concern that poses significant clinical and economic burden. It is associated with high morbidity, mortality, and healthcare expenditure. In the year 2014 alone, there were over half a million hospitalizations for GIB in the United States, which accounted for an estimated US $5 billion in healthcare spending and resulted in a 2% inpatient mortality [1]. Patients with GIB are at an increased risk of cardiovascular events and myocardial infarction (MI) [2–5].
