Published: 16 June 2023
Author(s): Mai Kawazoe, Junko Nishio, Wataru Hirose, Karin Furukawa, Toshihiro Nanki

Patients with rheumatic diseases (RD) have a higher rate of poor outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) [1]. The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and the European League Against Rheumatism strongly recommended RD patients to receive the vaccination for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) [2,3]. Unvaccinated patients are at an increased risk of not only infection, but also hospitalization and death [1]. However, efficacy and safety data on vaccines for RD patients were initially unavailable because phase III clinical trials on these vaccines excluded patients receiving immunosuppressive agents.

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