In the frame of the Atrial Fibrillation Registry for Ankle–Brachial Index Prevalence Assessment-Collaborative Italian Study (ARAPACIS) involving 93 Internal Medicine wards, Pignatelli et al. [1] conducted a questionnaire survey that, in addition to other questions, asked on the drugs of choice for prophylaxis of cardioembolism in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (AF). Aspirin was chosen by 9% of the respondents, whereas oral anticoagulants were chosen by as many as 91% of the responders, 55% preferring vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) and 36% the non-vitamin K oral anticoagulants (NOACs) (of which dabigatran, rivaroxaban and apixaban are licensed in Italy).
